Hubungan Frekuensi Latihan Fisik terhadap Kemampuan Berjalan Lansia di BPSTW Yogyakarta Abiyoso
Keywords:
kemampuan berjalan, lanjut usia, latihan fisik
Abstract
Semakin tua usia seseorang maka semakin tinggi kemungkinan mengalami kesulitan berjalan. Latihan fisik teratur diketahui dapat membantu memperbaiki kondisi kesehatan tersebut. BPSTW Yogyakarta Unit Abiyoso telah menyelenggarakan latihan fisik berupa senam setiap hari namun belum diikuti secara rutin oleh seluruh lansia. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan frekuensi latihan fisik terhadap kemampuan berjalan lansia serta perbedaan pengaruh latihan fisik terhadap kemampuan berjalan lansia dengan gangguan kognitif dan tidak. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional study. Penelitian dilaksanakan di BPSTW Yogyakarta Unit Abiyoso pada 2019. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling sebanyak 54 lansia. Instrumen penelitian berupa daftar hadir latihan fisik, MMSE, dan TUGT yang diterjemahkan dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat serta bivariat menggunakan uji Somer’s d dan Chi-Square. Sebagian besar responden memiliki frekuensi latihan fisik rutin (79,6%) dan kemampuan berjalan dengan tingkat umumnya mandiri untuk mobilitas (51,8%), serta tidak mempunyai gangguan kognitif (57,4%). Hasil uji frekuensi latihan fisik dengan kemampuan berjalan menunjukkan nilai signifikansi 0,525 (p>0,05). Sedangkan hasil uji kemampuan kognitif dengan kemampuan berjalan menunjukkan nilai 0,003 (p<0,05). Tidak ada hubungan frekuensi latihan fisik dengan kemampuan berjalan, sebaliknya terdapat hubungan kemampuan kognitif dengan kemampuan berjalan lansia.
References
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Liubicich, M. E., Magistro, D., Candela, F., Rabaglietti, E., & Ciairano, S. (2012). Physical Activity and Mobility Function in Elderly People Living in Residential Care Facilities. “Act on Aging”: A Pilot Study. Advances in Physical Education, 2(2), 54-60. doi:10.4236/ape.2012.22010
Muljati, S., Triwinarto, A., & Kristanto, Y. (2014). Disabilitas pada Lanjut Usia Menurut Status Gizi, Anemia, dan Karakteristik Sosiodemografi. Jurnal Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan, 37(2), 87-100. doi:10.22435/pgm.v37i2.4012.87-100
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Nurmalasari, M., Widajanti, N., & Dharmanta, R. S. (2018). Hubungan Riwayat Jatuh dan Timed Up and Go Test pada Pasien Geriatri. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia, 5(4), 164-168. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/jpdi.v5i4.241
Parulekar, M. S., & Rogers, C. K. (2018). Polypharmacy and Mobility. Geriatric Rehabilitation, 121-129. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-54454-2.00009-1
Patel, K. V., Coppin, A. K., Manini, T. M., Lauretani, F., Bandinelli, S., Ferrucci, L., & Guralnik, J. M. (2006). Midlife Physical Activity and Mobility in Older Age: The InCHIANTI Study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 31(3), 217–224. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2006.05.005
Rodrigues, M. A., Facchini, L. A., Thumé, E., & Maia, F. (2009). Gender and Incidence of Functional Disability in The Elderly: A Systematic Review. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 25(3), 464-S476. doi:10.1590/S0102-311X2009001500011
Santos, V. R., Christofaro, D. G., Gomes, I. C., Júnior, I. F., & Gobbo, L. A. (2017). Factors Associated with Mobility of The Oldest Old. Fisioterapia Em Movimento Physical Therapy in Movement, 30(1), 69-76. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-5918.030.001.AO07
Satariano, W. A., Guralnik, J. M., Jackson, R. J., Marottoli, R. A., Phelan, E. A., & Prohaska, T. R. (2012). Mobility and Aging: New Directions for Public Health Action. American Journal of Public Health, 102(8), 1508–1515. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300631
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Silva, L. C., Dias, F. A., Andrade, É. V., Luiz, R. B., Mattia, A. L., & Barbosa, M. H. (2013). Impaired Physical Mobility in Institutionalized Elderly. Journal of Research Fundamental Care on Line, 5(3), 346-353. doi:10.9789/2175-5361.2013v5n3p346
Singh, D. K., Manaf, Z. A., Yusoff, N. A., Muhammad, N. A., Phan, M. F., & Shahar, S. (2014). Correlation Between Nutritional Status and Comprehensive Physical Performance Measures Among Older Adults with Undernourishment in Residential Institutions. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 2014:9, 1415—1423. doi:10.2147/CIA.S64997
Soeparman, & Cazarez, D. (2004). Panduan Senam Haji. Jakarta: Puspa Swara.
Stenholm, S., Rantanen, T., Alanen, E., Reunanen, A., Sainio, P., & Koskinen, S. (2007). Obesity History as a Predictor of Walking Limitation at Old Age. Obesity, 15(4), 929-938. doi:10.1038/oby.2007.583
Uemura, K., Shimada, H., Makizako, H., Doi, T., Yoshida, D., Tsutsumimoto, K., . . . Suzuki, T. (2013). Cognitive Function Affects Trainability for Physical Performance in Exercise Intervention Among Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 8, 97—102. doi:10.2147/CIA.S39434
World Health Organization. (2011). Global Health and Aging. Available at: http://www.who.int/ageing/publications/global_health/en/
Xu, Ying. (2017). The Relationship Between Gender or Sex and Mobility in Middle and Older Aged Community-Dwelling Adults with Chronic Conditions. Thesis. The School of Rehabilitation Sciences McMaster University. Hamilton, Ontario.
Asai, T., Oshima, K., Fukumoto, Y., Yonezawa, Y., Matsuo, A., & Misu, S. (2018). Association of Fall History with The Timed Up and Go Test Score and The Dual Task Cost: A Cross‐Sectional Study Among Independent Community‐Dwelling Older Adults. Geriatrics & Gerontology International, 18(8), 1189-1193. doi:10.1111/ggi.13439
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2011). Statistik Penduduk Lanjut Usia Provinsi DI Yogyakarta 2010 - Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2010. Available at: https://www.bps.go.id/publication/2011/03/30/0cadcd03a65881e37c19cfcd/statistik-penduduk-lanjut-usia-provinsi-di-yogyakarta-2010-hasil-sensus-penduduk-2010.html
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2015). Proyeksi Penduduk Kabupaten/Kota Tahun 2010-2020 Provinsi DI Yogyakarta. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2015). Statistik Penduduk Lanjut Usia 2014. Available at: https://www.bappenas.go.id/files/data/Sumber_Daya_Manusia_dan_Kebudayaan/Statistik%20Penduduk%20Lanjut%20Usia%20Indonesia%202014.pdf
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2016). Statistik Penduduk Lanjut Usia 2015. Available at: https://bps.go.id/website/pdf_publikasi/Statistik-Penduduk-Lanjut-Usia-2015--.pdf
Blankevoort, C. G., Heuvelen, M. J., Boersma, F., Luning, H., Jong, J. d., & Scherder, E. J. (2010). Review of Effects of Physical Activity on Strength, Balance, Mobility and ADL Performance in Elderly Subjects with Dementia. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorder, 30(5), 392–402. doi:10.1159/000321357
Brown, C. J., & Flood, K. L. (2013). Mobility Limitation in the Older Patient: A Clinical Review. JAMA, 310(11), 1168-1177. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.276566
Demnitz, N., Zsoldos, E., Mahmood, A., Mackay, C. E., Kivimäki, M., Singh-Manoux, A., . . . Sexton, C. E. (2017). Associations between Mobility, Cognition, and Brain Structure in Healthy Older Adults. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 9, 155. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2017.00155
Denison, H. J., Syddall, H. E., Dodds, R., Martin, H. J., Finucane, F. M., Griffin, S. J., . . . Sayer, A. A. (2013). The Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Muscle Strength and Physical Performance Among Community Dwelling Older People from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 61(6), 1034–1036. doi:10.1111/jgs.12286
Dinas Sosial Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. (2018). Balai Pelayanan Sosial Tresna Werdha Yogyakarta. Availabe at: http://www.dinsos.jogjaprov.go.id/bpstw/
Falls Prevention Clinic. (2019). Enhancing Mobility While Preventing Falls and Fractures Through Evidence-Based Practice and Research. Available at: http://www.fallsclinic.ca/
Fatouros, I. G., Kambas, A., Katrabasas, I., Nikolaidis, K., Chatzinikolaou, A., Leontsini, D., & Taxildaris, K. (2005). Strength training and detraining effects on muscular strength, anaerobic power, and mobility of inactive older men are intensity dependent. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 39(10), 776-780. doi:10.1136/bjsm.2005.019117
Halter, J. B., Ouslander, J. G., Tinetti, M. E., Studensky, S., High, K. P., Asthana, S., . . . Woolard, N. F. (2009). Hazzard's Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, 6th Edition. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2016). Modul Pelatihan Bagi Pelatih Pelayanan Kesehatan Lanjut Usia dan Geriatri untuk Petugas Puskesmas. Jakarta: Bakti Husada.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2014). Info Datin: Situasi dan Analisis Lanjut Usia. Available at: http://www.depkes.go.id/resources/download/pusdatin/infodatin/infodatin-lansia.pdf
Kementerian Sosial RI. (2018). Peraturan Menteri Sosial Republik Indonesia Nomor 5 Tahun 2018 Tentang Standar Nasional Rehabilitasi Sosial Lanjut Usia. Available at: http://jdih.kemsos.go.id/pencarian/www/storage/repository/PERMENSOS%20NOMOR%205%20TAHUN%202018%20TENTANG%20STANDAR%20NASIONL%20REHABILITASI%20SOSIAL%20LANJUT%20USIA.pdf
Langeard, A., Pothier, K., Morello, R., Lelong-Boulouard, V., Lescure, P., Bocca, M.-L., . . . Chavoix, C. (2016). Polypharmacy Cut-Off for Gait and Cognitive Impairments. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 7, 296. doi:10.3389/fphar.2016.00296
Liubicich, M. E., Magistro, D., Candela, F., Rabaglietti, E., & Ciairano, S. (2012). Physical Activity and Mobility Function in Elderly People Living in Residential Care Facilities. “Act on Aging”: A Pilot Study. Advances in Physical Education, 2(2), 54-60. doi:10.4236/ape.2012.22010
Muljati, S., Triwinarto, A., & Kristanto, Y. (2014). Disabilitas pada Lanjut Usia Menurut Status Gizi, Anemia, dan Karakteristik Sosiodemografi. Jurnal Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan, 37(2), 87-100. doi:10.22435/pgm.v37i2.4012.87-100
Nascimento, C. d., Mambrini, J. V., Oliveira, C. M., Giacomin, K. C., & Peixoto, S. V. (2015). Diabetes, Hypertension and Mobility Among Brazilian Older Adults: Findings from The Brazilian National Household Sample Survey (1998, 2003 and 2008). BMC Public Health, 15(1), 591-597. doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1956-2
Nurmalasari, M., Widajanti, N., & Dharmanta, R. S. (2018). Hubungan Riwayat Jatuh dan Timed Up and Go Test pada Pasien Geriatri. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia, 5(4), 164-168. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/jpdi.v5i4.241
Parulekar, M. S., & Rogers, C. K. (2018). Polypharmacy and Mobility. Geriatric Rehabilitation, 121-129. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-54454-2.00009-1
Patel, K. V., Coppin, A. K., Manini, T. M., Lauretani, F., Bandinelli, S., Ferrucci, L., & Guralnik, J. M. (2006). Midlife Physical Activity and Mobility in Older Age: The InCHIANTI Study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 31(3), 217–224. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2006.05.005
Rodrigues, M. A., Facchini, L. A., Thumé, E., & Maia, F. (2009). Gender and Incidence of Functional Disability in The Elderly: A Systematic Review. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 25(3), 464-S476. doi:10.1590/S0102-311X2009001500011
Santos, V. R., Christofaro, D. G., Gomes, I. C., Júnior, I. F., & Gobbo, L. A. (2017). Factors Associated with Mobility of The Oldest Old. Fisioterapia Em Movimento Physical Therapy in Movement, 30(1), 69-76. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-5918.030.001.AO07
Satariano, W. A., Guralnik, J. M., Jackson, R. J., Marottoli, R. A., Phelan, E. A., & Prohaska, T. R. (2012). Mobility and Aging: New Directions for Public Health Action. American Journal of Public Health, 102(8), 1508–1515. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300631
Setiadi. (2013). Konsep dan Praktik Penulisan Riset Keperawatan. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu.
Sherburne, M. (2014). Study Proves Physical Activity Helps Maintain Mobility in Older Adults. Available at: https://ufhealth.org/news/2014/study-proves-physical-activity-helps-maintain-mobility-older-adults
Silva, L. C., Dias, F. A., Andrade, É. V., Luiz, R. B., Mattia, A. L., & Barbosa, M. H. (2013). Impaired Physical Mobility in Institutionalized Elderly. Journal of Research Fundamental Care on Line, 5(3), 346-353. doi:10.9789/2175-5361.2013v5n3p346
Singh, D. K., Manaf, Z. A., Yusoff, N. A., Muhammad, N. A., Phan, M. F., & Shahar, S. (2014). Correlation Between Nutritional Status and Comprehensive Physical Performance Measures Among Older Adults with Undernourishment in Residential Institutions. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 2014:9, 1415—1423. doi:10.2147/CIA.S64997
Soeparman, & Cazarez, D. (2004). Panduan Senam Haji. Jakarta: Puspa Swara.
Stenholm, S., Rantanen, T., Alanen, E., Reunanen, A., Sainio, P., & Koskinen, S. (2007). Obesity History as a Predictor of Walking Limitation at Old Age. Obesity, 15(4), 929-938. doi:10.1038/oby.2007.583
Uemura, K., Shimada, H., Makizako, H., Doi, T., Yoshida, D., Tsutsumimoto, K., . . . Suzuki, T. (2013). Cognitive Function Affects Trainability for Physical Performance in Exercise Intervention Among Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 8, 97—102. doi:10.2147/CIA.S39434
World Health Organization. (2011). Global Health and Aging. Available at: http://www.who.int/ageing/publications/global_health/en/
Xu, Ying. (2017). The Relationship Between Gender or Sex and Mobility in Middle and Older Aged Community-Dwelling Adults with Chronic Conditions. Thesis. The School of Rehabilitation Sciences McMaster University. Hamilton, Ontario.
Published
2024-12-25
How to Cite
Alfiandary, A., Mulyani, S., & Subekti, H. (2024). Hubungan Frekuensi Latihan Fisik terhadap Kemampuan Berjalan Lansia di BPSTW Yogyakarta Abiyoso. urnal romotif reventif, 7(6), 1244-1256. https://doi.org/10.47650/jpp.v7i6.1619
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Copyright (c) 2024 Amalia Ratna Alfiandary, Sri Mulyani, Heru Subekti
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