Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Kebakaran Rumah Sakit Gedung Tinggi:  Literatur Review

Ruwanto Ruwanto; Widodo Hariyono; Muhammad Syamsu Hidayat

doi:10.47650/jpp.v8i1.1702

Ruwanto Ruwanto Program Pasca Sarjana Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
Widodo Hariyono Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Indonesia
Muhammad Syamsu Hidayat Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47650/jpp.v8i1.1702

Keywords: Risiko kebakaran, manajemen kebakaran rumah sakit, rumah sakit gedung tinggi

Abstract

Keselamatan kebakaran merupakan tantangan terbesar bagi para manajer rumah sakit dengan gedung tinggi, terutama untuk melindungi pasien dengan tingkat ketergantungan tinggi seperti pasien lanjut usia, penderita gangguan mental, dan pasien perawatan intensif. Manajemen risiko kebakaran yang baik dan terencana diperlukan untuk memastikan tingkat keandalan dan keselamatan bangunan. Tujuan dilakukannya literatur review ini adalah untuk mengetahui manajemen risiko kebakaran terkait pencegahan dan penanggulangan kebakaran di rumah sakit bergedung tinggi. Literatur review ini menggunakan metode Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) dengan database Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, dan PubMed. Kata kunci yang digunakan adalah "((Risk Assessment OR Risk Management) AND Hospital) AND High-rise Building OR High-rise hospital))". Kriteria inklusi mencakup artikel berbahasa Inggris yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2013-2023. Kriteria eksklusi termasuk artikel tinjauan pustaka dan artikel yang tidak lengkap. Hasil analisis enam artikel menunjukkan bahwa faktor kunci dalam pencegahan dan penanggulangan kebakaran di rumah sakit bertingkat tinggi mencakup pengelolaan bahan mudah terbakar, gas medis, dan peralatan listrik sesuai standar keselamatan, serta penggunaan struktur dan arsitektur bangunan sesuai standar keselamatan kebakaran. Pemeliharaan fasilitas proteksi kebakaran dan edukasi staf tentang manajemen penanggulangan kebakaran kurang memadai. Manajemen pencegahan dan penanggulangan kebakaran di rumah sakit dengan gedung tinggi kurang sesuai dengan standar, terutama di negara berkembang. Pemeliharaan sistem proteksi kebakaran dan edukasi staf juga kurang optimal, mempengaruhi keselamatan kebakaran di rumah sakit.

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