Edukasi Perawat terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Keluarga Pasien Kritis di ICU
Keywords:
edukasi, perawat, kecemasan, keluarga, pasien
Abstract
Pasien Intensive Care Unit (ICU) umumnya berada dalam kondisi kritis yang berdampak pada pasien dan menimbulkan tekanan emosional bagi keluarga. Ketidakpastian informasi medis serta terbatasnya komunikasi dengan tenaga kesehatan dapat memicu kecemasan. Perawat berperan penting memberikan edukasi untuk membantu menurunkan kecemasan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pemberian edukasi oleh perawat terhadap kecemasan keluarga pasien di ICU. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan desain pre-eksperimental one group pretest-posttest pada 41 responden keluarga pasien, dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) sebelum dan sesudah edukasi. Analisis Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dengan α = 0,05 menunjukkan penurunan kecemasan signifikan (p = 0,000). Sebelum intervensi, sebagian besar responden mengalami kecemasan ringan hingga sedang, sedangkan setelah intervensi mayoritas berada pada kategori tidak cemas, dengan sebagian kecil masih cemas ringan. Hasil ini membuktikan bahwa edukasi perawat efektif menurunkan kecemasan keluarga pasien ICU, sehingga perlu dijadikan bagian rutin asuhan keperawatan untuk membantu keluarga beradaptasi menghadapi kondisi kritis pasien.
References
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Eppel-Meichlinger, J., Kobleder, A. and Mayer, H. (2024) “Refining Mishel’s Reconceptualized Uncertainty in Illness Theory: Explaining the Development of Uncertainty in Chronic Illness.,” Research and theory for nursing practice, 38(2), pp. 171–192. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1891/RTNP-2023-0068.
Faroujizadeh, F. et al. (2022) “The Effect of Supportive Educational Program on Depression, Anxiety, Stress and Satisfaction of the Families of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome,” Evidence Based Care Journal, 12(4), pp. 72–80. Available at: https://doi.org/10.22038/EBCJ.2022.50031.2347.
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Gurbuz, H. and Demir, N. (2023) “Anxiety and Depression Symptoms of Family Members of Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Prospective Observational Study and the Lived Experiences of the Family Members,” Avicenna Journal of Medicine, 13(02), pp. 089–096. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1769933.
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Rodríguez-Huerta, M.D. et al. (2019) “An informative nursing intervention for families of patients admitted to the intensive care unit regarding the satisfaction of their needs: The INFOUCI study,” Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 55, p. 102755. Available at: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2019.102755.
Safariyah, E., Tara, I.D. and Kusdayani, M. (2020) “Correlation Between Nurse Therapeutic Communication and Anxiety Levels of Patients’ Families in the ICU of X Regional General Hospital, Sukabumi,” Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Science, Health, Economics, Education and Technology, 27(ICoSHEET 2019), pp. 429–433. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.200723.109.
Sanjaya, B. et al. (2023) “Literature Review: Hubungan Perilaku Caring Perawat dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Pasien di Ruang Intensive Care Unit (Icu),” Jurnal Keperawatan Malang, 8(1), pp. 308–317. Available at: https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/167638/341506.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y%0Ahttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/handle/1/8314/LOEBLEIN%2C LUCINEIA CARLA.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y%0Ahttps://antigo.mdr.gov.br/saneamento/proees.
Septianawati, P. et al. (2023) “Uji reliabilitas dan validitas hars dan ndi versi Indonesia untuk mengukur kecemasan dan dispepsia pada mahasiswa,” Psikologi Konseling, 15(2), pp. 347–357.
Turi, J.A. et al. (2020) “the Impact of Socio-Emotional Intelligence on Academic Performance,” Educational Administration Research and Review, 2(2). Available at: https://doi.org/10.17509/earr.v2i2.22478.
Vincent, J.-L. et al. (2014) “Assessment of the worldwide burden of critical illness: the intensive care over nations (ICON) audit.,” The Lancet. Respiratory medicine, 2(5), pp. 380–386. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(14)70061-X.
Wantiyah et al. (2020) “Family Needs in Intensive Care Unit: Study in East Java, Indonesia (Mix-Methods),” Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences, 14(3), p. 27. Available at: http://repository.unej.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/65672/Ainul Latifah-101810401034.pdf?sequence=1.
Winarti, T.D., Trigantar, R. and Fatmawati, D.N. (2024) “Nurses’ therapeutic communication and its correlation with family anxiety in the intensive care unit setting,” The Journal of Palembang Nursing Studies, 3(3), pp. 127–133. Available at: https://doi.org/10.55048/jpns135.
World Health Organization (2021) Global Health Estimates: Life expectancy and leading causes of death and disability, World Health Organisation. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates.
Zakerimoghadam, M. et al. (2014) “The effect of supportive nursing program on depression, anxiety and stress of family members of patients during coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery,” Iranian Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 3(1), pp. 50–58. Available at: http://journal.icns.org.ir/article-1-136-en.html.
Azizi, A. et al. (2018) “The Effect of Informational Support on Satisfaction of Family Caregivers of Patients with Hemiplegic Stroke from Receiving Information,” Scientific Journal of Hamadan Nursing & Midwifery Faculty, 26(4), pp. 211–218. Available at: https://doi.org/10.30699/sjhnmf.26.4.211.
Chiang, V.C.L. et al. (2016) “A brief cognitive-behavioral psycho-education (B-CBE) program for managing stress and anxiety of main family caregivers of patients in the intensive care unit,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13(10). Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13100962.
Davidson, J.E. et al. (2017) “Guidelines for Family-Centered Care in the Neonatal, Pediatric, and Adult ICU,” Critical Care Medicine, 45(1), pp. 103–128. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0000000000002169.
Eppel-Meichlinger, J., Kobleder, A. and Mayer, H. (2024) “Refining Mishel’s Reconceptualized Uncertainty in Illness Theory: Explaining the Development of Uncertainty in Chronic Illness.,” Research and theory for nursing practice, 38(2), pp. 171–192. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1891/RTNP-2023-0068.
Faroujizadeh, F. et al. (2022) “The Effect of Supportive Educational Program on Depression, Anxiety, Stress and Satisfaction of the Families of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome,” Evidence Based Care Journal, 12(4), pp. 72–80. Available at: https://doi.org/10.22038/EBCJ.2022.50031.2347.
Frota, O.P. et al. (2021) “Coping strategies of family members of intensive care unit patients,” Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 63, p. 102980. Available at: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2020.102980.
Gurbuz, H. and Demir, N. (2023) “Anxiety and Depression Symptoms of Family Members of Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Prospective Observational Study and the Lived Experiences of the Family Members,” Avicenna Journal of Medicine, 13(02), pp. 089–096. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1769933.
Halain, A.A. et al. (2022) “Psychological distress among the family members of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients: A scoping review.,” Journal of clinical nursing, 31(5–6), pp. 497–507. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15962.
Halim, I.J. and Manggala, S.K. (2025) “the Economic Burden on Private Hospitals in Treating Icu Vs Non-Icu,” ProceedingsBook of ICE on IMERI, pp. 1–9.
Hidayat, H., Pradian, E. and Kestriani, N.D. (2020) “Angka Kejadian, Lama Rawat, dan Mortalitas Pasien Acute Kidney Injury di ICU RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung,” Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif, 8(2), pp. 108–118. Available at: https://doi.org/10.15851/jap.v8n2.2054.
Hirsch, K.G. et al. (2024) Critical Care Management of Patients after Cardiac Arrest: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association and Neurocritical Care Society, Circulation. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001163.
Jang, S.-Y. and Lee, M.K. (2025) “Effects of Anxiety Focused Nursing Interventions on Anxiety, Cognitive Function and Delirium in Neurocritical Patients: A Non-Randomized Controlled Design.,” Nursing in critical care, 30(3), p. e70062. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/nicc.70062.
Lebel, V. and Charette, S. (2021) “Nursing Interventions to Reduce Stress in Families of Critical Care Patients: An Integrative Review.,” Critical care nurse, 41(1), pp. 32–44. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4037/ccn2021188.
Lwanga, S.K. and Lemeshow, S. (1991) Sample Size Determination in Health Studies : A Practical Manual . Available at: https://doi.org/10.2307/2290547.
Mottaghi, K. et al. (2022) “The role of the ICU liaison nurse services on anxiety in family caregivers of patients after ICU discharge during COVID-19 pandemic: a randomized controlled trial,” BMC Nursing, 21(1), pp. 1–10. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-022-01034-6.
Noviandry, H. (2023) “Uji Validitas Dan Reliabilitas Skala Hars Pada Ibu Hamil Di Era Pandemi Covid 19 Di Bps Eva Yuliantine Kabupaten Pamekasan,” Professional Health Journal, 4(2), pp. 222–235. Available at: https://doi.org/10.54832/phj.v4i2.341.
Reifarth, E., Garcia Borrega, J. and Kochanek, M. (2023) “How to communicate with family members of the critically ill in the intensive care unit: A scoping review,” Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 74, p. 103328. Available at: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2022.103328.
Rodríguez-Huerta, M.D. et al. (2019) “An informative nursing intervention for families of patients admitted to the intensive care unit regarding the satisfaction of their needs: The INFOUCI study,” Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 55, p. 102755. Available at: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2019.102755.
Safariyah, E., Tara, I.D. and Kusdayani, M. (2020) “Correlation Between Nurse Therapeutic Communication and Anxiety Levels of Patients’ Families in the ICU of X Regional General Hospital, Sukabumi,” Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Science, Health, Economics, Education and Technology, 27(ICoSHEET 2019), pp. 429–433. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.200723.109.
Sanjaya, B. et al. (2023) “Literature Review: Hubungan Perilaku Caring Perawat dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Pasien di Ruang Intensive Care Unit (Icu),” Jurnal Keperawatan Malang, 8(1), pp. 308–317. Available at: https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/167638/341506.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y%0Ahttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/handle/1/8314/LOEBLEIN%2C LUCINEIA CARLA.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y%0Ahttps://antigo.mdr.gov.br/saneamento/proees.
Septianawati, P. et al. (2023) “Uji reliabilitas dan validitas hars dan ndi versi Indonesia untuk mengukur kecemasan dan dispepsia pada mahasiswa,” Psikologi Konseling, 15(2), pp. 347–357.
Turi, J.A. et al. (2020) “the Impact of Socio-Emotional Intelligence on Academic Performance,” Educational Administration Research and Review, 2(2). Available at: https://doi.org/10.17509/earr.v2i2.22478.
Vincent, J.-L. et al. (2014) “Assessment of the worldwide burden of critical illness: the intensive care over nations (ICON) audit.,” The Lancet. Respiratory medicine, 2(5), pp. 380–386. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(14)70061-X.
Wantiyah et al. (2020) “Family Needs in Intensive Care Unit: Study in East Java, Indonesia (Mix-Methods),” Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences, 14(3), p. 27. Available at: http://repository.unej.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/65672/Ainul Latifah-101810401034.pdf?sequence=1.
Winarti, T.D., Trigantar, R. and Fatmawati, D.N. (2024) “Nurses’ therapeutic communication and its correlation with family anxiety in the intensive care unit setting,” The Journal of Palembang Nursing Studies, 3(3), pp. 127–133. Available at: https://doi.org/10.55048/jpns135.
World Health Organization (2021) Global Health Estimates: Life expectancy and leading causes of death and disability, World Health Organisation. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates.
Zakerimoghadam, M. et al. (2014) “The effect of supportive nursing program on depression, anxiety and stress of family members of patients during coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery,” Iranian Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 3(1), pp. 50–58. Available at: http://journal.icns.org.ir/article-1-136-en.html.
Published
2025-12-11
How to Cite
Heriani, N., Huzaifah, Z., & Abdiyati, R. (2025). Edukasi Perawat terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Keluarga Pasien Kritis di ICU. urnal romotif reventif, 8(6), 1433-1440. https://doi.org/10.47650/jpp.v8i6.2154
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Articles
Copyright (c) 2025 Novia Heriani, Zaqyyah Huzaifah, Ronna Abdiyati
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