Mekanisme Koping sebagai Prediktor Kepatuhan Diet dan Stres Diabetes pada Pasien Diabetes Tipe 2: Studi Potong Lintang di Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Keywords:
Mekanisme koping, kepatuhan diet, distres, diabetes melitus tipe 2
Abstract
Diabetes melitus tipe 2 memerlukan pengelolaan jangka panjang yang dapat memengaruhi kepatuhan diet dan kondisi psikologis pasien. Mekanisme koping maladaptif berpotensi meningkatkan risiko ketidakpatuhan diet dan distres diabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis prediktor kepatuhan diet dan distres pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Penelitian potong lintang ini melibatkan 120 pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di RS Tk. II Iskandar Muda Banda Aceh pada 1–18 Juli 2025. Kriteria inklusi meliputi usia ≥18 tahun, bersedia menjadi responden, dan tidak dalam kondisi akut. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test, Brief COPE, Diabetes Distress Scale, dan Perceived Dietary Adherence Questionnaire. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan regresi logistik berganda. Usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, pekerjaan, lama menderita DM, pengetahuan, terapi DM, komorbiditas, dan mekanisme koping berhubungan signifikan dengan kepatuhan diet dan distres (p<0,05). Koping maladaptif menjadi prediktor utama ketidakpatuhan diet (OR=7,531; p=0,013) dan distres (OR=4,708; p=0,022). Terapi insulin (OR=16,583; p=0,018), kombinasi oral-insulin (OR=17,756; p=0,021), dan pengetahuan rendah (OR=8,134; p=0,019) meningkatkan risiko distres secara signifikan. Koping maladaptif, terapi insulin, dan rendahnya pengetahuan meningkatkan risiko ketidakpatuhan diet dan distres pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Edukasi dan dukungan psikologis diperlukan untuk meningkatkan koping adaptif dan pengelolaan diabetes.
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Asaad, G., Sadegian, M., Lau, R., Xu, Y., Soria-Contreras, D. C., Bell, R. C. & Chan, C. B. 2015. The Reliability And Validity Of The Perceived Dietary Adherence Questionnaire For People With Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients, 7, 5484-5496.
Baek, R. N., Tanenbaum, M. L. & Gonzalez, J. S. 2014. Dysfunctional Diabetes-Related Cognitions In Racial/Ethnic Minorities And Associations With Diabetes Outcomes. Current Diabetes Reports, 14, 1-9.
BPS Aceh 2024. Statistik Kesehatan Provinsi Aceh 2023, Banda Aceh, Bps Provinsi Aceh.
CDC. 2023. Diabetes And Mental Health [Online]. Available: Https://Www.Cdc.Gov/Diabetes/Living-With/Mental-Health.Html [Accessed].
Chen, Y.-C., Huang, Y.-H. & Lee, C.-H. 2025. The Relationship Between Diabetes Knowledge And Diabetes Self-Care Behaviors In Relation To Diabetes Distress In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study In Eastern Taiwan. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome And Obesity, 1431-1443.
Chen Yc, H. Y., Lee Ch. 2025. The Relationship Between Diabetes Knowledge And Diabetes Self-Care Behaviors In Relation To Diabetes Distress In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study In Eastern Taiwan. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes.
Cui, Z., Chen, H., Lu, W., Wang, P., Zhou, Z., Zhang, N., Wang, Z., Lin, T., Song, Y. & Liu, L. 2022. The Association Between Plasma Copper Concentration And Prevalence Of Diabetes In Chinese Adults With Hypertension. Frontiers In Public Health, 10, 888219.
Dubois, S. K., Lehrer, H. M., Whyne, E. Z. & Steinhardt, M. A. 2020. A Resilience Intervention For Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Proof-Of-Concept In Community Health Centers. International Journal Of Behavioral Medicine, 27, 565-575.
Farm, B. A. S., Perwitasari, D. A., Thobari, J. A., Cao, Q., Krabbe, P. F. M. & Postma, M. J. 2017. Translation, Revision, And Validation Of The Diabetes Distress Scale For Indonesian Type 2 Diabetic Outpatients With Various Types Of Complications. Value Health Reg Issues, 12, 63-73.
Fayed, A., Alradini, F., Alzuhairi, R. M., Aljuhani, A. E., Alrashid, H. R., Alwazae, M. M. & Alghamdi, N. R. 2022. Relation Between Diabetes Related Distress And Glycemic Control: The Mediating Effect Of Adherence To Treatment. Primary Care Diabetes, 16, 293-300.
Gelsey, F. T., Schapiro, D., Kosa, K., Vass, C., Perez-Nieves, M., Pierce, A., Poon, J. L., Dibenedetti, D. & Mansfield, C. 2024. Perspectives And Preferences Of People With Type 2 Diabetes For The Attributes Of Weekly Insulin. Diabetes Therapy, 15, 2367-2379.
Hapunda, G., Kumwenda, R., Shehata, S. & Munthali, A. 2022. Coping Strategies And Their Association With Diabetes-Specific Distress, Depression And Diabetes Self-Care Among People Living With Diabetes In Zambia. Plos One, 17, 1-16.
Heller, M. K., Chapman, S. C. E. & Horne, R. 2015. Beliefs About Medication Predict The Misattribution Of A Common Symptom As A Medication Side Effect — Evidence From An Analogue Online Study. Journal Of Psychosomatic Research, 79, 519-529.
Jaser, S. S., Whittemore, R., Ambrosino, J. M., Lindemann, E. & Grey, M. 2012. Coping, Self-Management, And Adaptation In Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes. Annals Of Behavioral Medicine, 43, 311-319.
Klinovszky, A., Buzás, N., Sallay, V., Lengyel, C. & Papp-Zipernovszky, O. 2023. Behind The Curtain: Patients' Perceptions, Treatment Expectations And Behavior In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Self-Management. American Journal Of Health Behavior, 47, 1080-1097.
Kretchy, I. A., Koduah, A., Ohene-Agyei, T., Boima, V. & Appiah, B. 2020. The Association Between Diabetes‐Related Distress And Medication Adherence In Adult Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross‐Sectional Study. Journal Of Diabetes Research, 2020, 4760624.
Laili, F., Udiyono, A. & Saraswati, L. D. 2019. Hubungan Faktor Lama Menderita Dm Dan Tingkat Pengetahuan Dengan Distres Diabetes Pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 Tahun 2017 (Studi Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rowosari, Kota Semarang). Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 7, 17-22.
Lastretti, M., Tomai, M., Visalli, N., Chiaramonte, F., Tambelli, R. & Lauriola, M. 2021. An Integrated Medical-Psychological Approach In The Routine Care Of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study To Explore The Clinical And Economic Sustainability Of The Healthcare Intervention. Sustainability, 13, 13182.
Lee, Y. J., Shin, S. J., Wang, R. H., Lin, K. D., Lee, Y. L. & Wang, Y. H. 2021. Pathways Of Empowerment Perceptions, Health Literacy, Self-Efficacy, And Self-Care Behaviors To Glycemic Control In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Patient Education And Counseling, 104, 666-673.
Li, H., Wang, L., Huang, J., Li, B. & Qiu, T. 2022. The Relationship Between The Knowledge Of Diabetes Mellitus And The Mental, Psychological And Emotional Status Of T2dm Patients Based On A Structural Equation Model. Scientific Reports, 12, 20714.
Miles, M. S., Holditch-Davis, D. & Burchinal, M. R. 2018. Coping Strategies Among People With Diabetes And Their Psychological Correlates. Journal Of Behavioral Medicine, 41, 234-245.
Nurmaguphita, D. & Sugiyanto, S. 2019. Gambaran Distress Pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus. Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa, 6, 76-82.
Parker, L. M., Lindner, K. J., & Baker, J. F. 2004. Validation Of The Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test. Journal Of Clinical Nursing, 13, 582-589.
Parsa, S., Aghamohammadi, M. & Abazari, M. 2019. Diabetes Distress And Its Clinical Determinants In Patients With Type Ii Diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr, 13, 1275-1279.
Peyrot, M., Rubin, R. R., Lauritzen, T., Skovlund, S. E., Snoek, F. J., Matthews, D. R., Landgraf, R. D., Kleinebreil, L. & Panel, O. B. O. T. I. D. A. 2005. Resistance To Insulin Therapy Among Patients And Providers: Results Of The Cross-National Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes, And Needs (Dawn) Study. Diabetes Care, 28, 2673-2679.
Pratiwi, I. N., Lailiyaturrohmah, Z. D. N., Suarilah, I., Bakar, A., Widyawati, I. Y., Nursalam, N. & Yahaya, N. A. 2025. The Relationship Between Health Literacy, Diabetes Distress, And Dietary Adherence In Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Journal Of The Liaquat University Of Medical And Health Sciences, 2025, 49-54.
Sanaah, S., Rahmawati, I. & A'la, M. Z. 2025. Eksplorasi Resiliensi Psikologis Dan Mekanisme Koping Pada Pasien Kanker: Tinjauan Scoping. Jurnal Ilmiah Permas: Jurnal Ilmiah Stikes Kendal, 15, 763-778.
Setyorini. 2017. Perilaku Diet Pada Pasien Dm Tipe 2. Jurnal Gizi Dan Dietetik Indonesia, 134–140.
WHO. 2024. Diabetes Around The World.
Widyaningrum, S. A. & Priadi, M. A. G. 2021. Kondisi Stres Dan Strategi Coping Stress Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe Ii Yang Bekerja Di Jakarta. Manasa, 10, 75-88.
Winkley, K., Upsher, R., Stahl, D., Pollard, D., Kasera, A., Brennan, A., Heller, S. & Ismail, K. 2020. Psychological Interventions To Improve Self-Management Of Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review. Health Technology Assessment (Winchester, England), 24, 1.
Published
2026-08-29
How to Cite
Sari, N., Zahara, M., Marthoenis, M., Fahdhienie, F., & Zakaria, R. (2026). Mekanisme Koping sebagai Prediktor Kepatuhan Diet dan Stres Diabetes pada Pasien Diabetes Tipe 2: Studi Potong Lintang di Banda Aceh, Indonesia. urnal romotif reventif, 9(4), 682-696. https://doi.org/10.47650/jpp.v9i4.2218
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Articles
Copyright (c) 2026 Novrilia Kumala Sari, Meutia Zahara, M. Marthoenis, Farrah Fahdhienie, Radhiah Zakaria
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