Faktor Risiko Sosial, Perilaku, dan Lingkungan yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue: Studi Kasus-Kontrol di Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Keywords:
Demam Berdarah Dengue, faktor risiko, perilaku, lingkungan, studi kasus-kontrol
Abstract
Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang signifikan di wilayah tropis seperti Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian DBD. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi kasus-kontrol yang dilaksanakan di 15 gampong wilayah kerja Puskesmas Meuraxa, Kota Banda Aceh, dengan melibatkan 62 responden yang terdiri atas 31 kasus dan 31 kontrol menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan observasi lingkungan, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square dan odds ratio (OR) beserta 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kejadian DBD berhubungan signifikan dengan pengetahuan (OR=7,58; 95% CI: 2,39–24,06; p<0,001), sikap (OR=6,23; 95% CI: 2,04–19,07; p=0,001), perilaku pencegahan (OR=5,77; 95% CI: 1,84–18,06; p=0,002), kebiasaan menggantung pakaian (OR=5,23; 95% CI: 1,76–15,55; p=0,002), penggunaan obat nyamuk (OR=6,59; 95% CI: 2,09–20,78; p=0,001), kebiasaan tidur sore (OR=3,39; 95% CI: 1,18–9,71; p=0,021), penyuluhan (OR=5,55; 95% CI: 1,69–18,20; p=0,003), dukungan tenaga kesehatan (OR=5,55; 95% CI: 1,69–18,20; p=0,003), serta keberadaan jentik nyamuk (OR=6,23; 95% CI: 2,04–19,07; p=0,001). Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya penguatan pengendalian DBD berbasis komunitas melalui peningkatan edukasi kesehatan, pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pemberantasan sarang nyamuk, serta keterlibatan aktif tenaga kesehatan untuk menurunkan risiko kejadian DBD.
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Zhang, Y., Zahreddine, M., Abreu, K., Dantas, M. A., Charland, K., Pierce, L., Ridde, V., & Zinszer, K. (2023). Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) and risk factors on dengue fever among children in Brazil, Fortaleza: A cross-sectional study. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 17(9). https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PNTD.0011110
Dalpadado, R., Amarasinghe, D., Gunathilaka, N., & Ariyarathna, N. (2022). Bionomic aspects of dengue vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus at domestic settings in urban, suburban and rural areas in Gampaha District, Western Province of Sri Lanka. Parasites and Vectors, 15(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/S13071-022-05261-3/FIGURES/6
Dapari, R., Jumidey, A. Q., Manaf, R. A., Zamzuri, M. ‘Ammar I. A., Hassan, M. R., Dom, N. C., & Rahim, S. S. S. A. (2025). School-based health education effect on knowledge, attitude, and practices of dengue prevention among school children: a systematic review. Discover Social Science and Health, 5(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/S44155-025-00181-W/TABLES/3
Dirjen P2PL Kemenkes RI. (2023). Laporan Tahunan 2023 Demam Berdarah Dengue.
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). (2024). Dengue Worldwide Overview. https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/dengue-monthly
Febrian, E., & Sukendra, D. M. (2024). Distribusi Kejadian DBD Berdasarkan Kepadatan Penduduk dan Jentik Nyamuk di Puskesmas Kedungmundu. HIGEIA (Journal of Public Health Research and Development), 8(3), 384–396. https://doi.org/10.15294/higeia/v8i3/5324
Funna, D. A., Asniar, A., & Alam, T. S. (2024). Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan Ibu dengan Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Praktik Pencegahan Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kota Banda Aceh. Holistic Nursing and Health Science, 7(1), 48–58. https://doi.org/10.14710/hnhs.7.1.2024.48-58
Harapan, H., Rajamoorthy, Y., Anwar, S., Bustamam, A., Radiansyah, A., Angraini, P., Fasli, R., Salwiyadi, S., Bastian, R. A., Oktiviyari, A., Akmal, I., Iqbalamin, M., Adil, J., Henrizal, F., Darmayanti, D., Pratama, R., Setiawan, A. M., Mudatsir, M., Hadisoemarto, P. F., … Müller, R. (2018a). Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding dengue virus infection among inhabitants of Aceh, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Infectious Diseases, 18(1), 96. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3006-z
Hossain, M. J., Das, M., Islam, M. W., Shahjahan, M., & Ferdous, J. (2024). Community engagement and social participation in dengue prevention: A cross‐sectional study in Dhaka City. Health Science Reports, 7(4), e2022. https://doi.org/10.1002/HSR2.2022
Jahromi, A. S., Jokar, M., Abdous, A., Sharifi, N., Abbasi, T., & Rahmanian, V. (2024). Global systematic review and meta-analysis of knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards dengue fever among the general population. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 17(5), 191–207. https://doi.org/10.4103/APJTM.APJTM_925_23
Judijanti, L., Ahmad, H., Sahani, W., & Wibriyono Angkejaya, O. (2024). Role of Family and Community Health Center Employees in Controlling Dengue Fever in Puskesmas Antang Makassar. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(5), 2838–2845. https://doi.org/10.29303/JPPIPA.V10I5.6204
Kemenkes RI. (2017). Pedoman Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Demam Berdarah Dengue di Indonesia. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1IATZEcgGX3x3BcVUcO_l8Yu9B5REKOKE/view
Lachyan, A., Zaki, R. A., Banerjee, B., & Aghamohammadi, N. (2023). The Effect of Community-Based Intervention on Dengue Awareness and Prevention Among Poor Urban Communities in Delhi, India. Journal of Research in Health Sciences, 23(4), e00596. https://doi.org/10.34172/JRHS.2023.131
Lihua, W. E. I., Fernández-Santos, N. A., Hamer, G. L., Lara-Ramírez, E. E., & Rodríguez-Pérez, M. A. (2023). Daytime Resting Activity of Aedes Aegypti and Culex Quinquefasciatus Populations in Northern Mexico. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association, 39(3), 157–167. https://doi.org/10.2987/23-7122
Maqfirah, R., Fahdhienie, F., & Septiani, R. (2025). Analisis Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Perilaku Pencegahan Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) Pada Masyarakat di Puskesmas Batoh Kota Banda Aceh. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai, 6(1), 2156–2163. https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i1.42287
Mardalena, E. (2021). Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Perilaku Masyarakat Terhadap Kasus Demam Berdarah Dengue Di Desa Ulee Tanoh Kecamatan Tanah Pasir Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Jurnal Sains Riset |, 11, 626. https://doi.org/10.47647/jsr.v10i12
Minarti, M., Anwar, C., Irfannuddin, I., & Irsan, C. (2021). Community knowledge and attitudes about the transmission of dengue haemorrhagic fever and its relationship to prevention behaviour in palembang, south sumatra, Indonesia. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 9, 1534–1543. https://doi.org/10.3889/OAMJMS.2021.7693
Morrison, A. C., Reiner, R. C., Elson, W. H., Astete, H., Guevara, C., del Aguila, C., Bazan, I., Siles, C., Barrera, P., Kawiecki, A. B., Barker, C. M., Vasquez, G. M., Escobedo-Vargas, K., Flores-Mendoza, C., Huaman, A. A., Leguia, M., Silva, M. E., Jenkins, S. A., Campbell, W. R., … Achee, N. L. (2022). Efficacy of a spatial repellent for control of Aedes-borne virus transmission: A cluster-randomized trial in Iquitos, Peru. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119(26). https://doi.org/10.1073/PNAS.2118283119
Nejati, J., Okati-Aliabad, H., Mohammadi, M., Akbari, M., & Moghaddam, A. A. (2024). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare professionals regarding dengue fever in high-risk regions of southeastern Iran. BMC Medical Education, 24(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12909-024-05923-Z/TABLES/8
Noguera-Gahona, M., Peña-Moreno, C., Quiñones-Sobarzo, N., Weinstein-Oppenheimer, C., Guerra-Zúñiga, M., & Collao-Ferrada, X. (2025). Repellents against Aedes aegypti bites: synthetic and natural origins. Frontiers in Insect Science, 4, 1510857. https://doi.org/10.3389/FINSC.2024.1510857
Nuraeni, M. (2024). Analysis of Aedes Aegypti Larval Density on The Potential Transmission of Dengue Fever. Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies, 4(3), 1130–1137. https://doi.org/10.59188/EDUVEST.V4I3.1105
Orey, F. A. H., Nur, S. A., Ahmed, S. E., Garba, B., Ahmed, M. M., Ahmed, J. B., Isse, H. M., Asowe, H. A., Hassan, J., Dirie, N. I., Adam, M. H., & Mohamoud, J. H. (2025). Knowledge, attitude and practice towards dengue fever prevention and treatment among health care workers in Somalia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Health Services Research, 25(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12913-025-12820-8/TABLES/5
Rakhmani, A. N., & Zuhriyah, L. (2024). Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Dengue Prevention Among Health Volunteers in an Urban Area – Malang, Indonesia. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, 57(2), 176. https://doi.org/10.3961/JPMPH.23.484
Sacramento, R. H. M., de Carvalho Araújo, F. M., Lima, D. M., Alencar, C. C. H., Martins, V. E. P., Araújo, L. V., de Oliveira, T. C., & de Góes Cavalcanti, L. P. (2018). Dengue Fever and Aedes aegypti in indigenous Brazilians: seroprevalence, risk factors, knowledge and practices. Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH, 23(6), 596–604. https://doi.org/10.1111/TMI.13061
Sumiati, & Hartandi, N. (2020). Penentuan Angka Kepadatan (Density Figure) dan Angka Bebas Jentik (ABJ) Larva Aedes aegypti di Rw 02, Kelurahan Margahayu, Kecamatan Bekasi Timur, Kota Bekasi, Jawa Barat. Anakes : Jurnal Ilmiah Analis Kesehatan, 5(1), 23–34. https://doi.org/10.37012/ANAKES.V5I1.328
Suwanbamrung, C., Mehraj, S. K., Kercho, M. W., Stanikzai, M. H., Ageru, T. A., Jaroenpool, J., Pibul, P., Shohaimi, S., & Israel, E. (2024). Evaluation of high school-based dengue solution model in Southern Thailand: a community participatory action research. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12889-024-20767-4/TABLES/7
Thongkham, J., Kanrew, K., Wongkumthi, C., Intasan, N., Saita, S., Vittaporn, S., Pongpan, S., Khamnuan, P., Wattanasoei, S., & Pooseesod, K. (2025). Health beliefs and housing environmental factors affecting dengue prevention and Aedes larvae in rural northern Thailand: a cross-sectional study. Discover Social Science and Health, 5(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/S44155-025-00260-Y/TABLES/6
WHO. (2009). Dengue Guidelines For Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Control Treatment, Prevention and Control Treatment, Prevention and Control. www.who.int/tdr
Yuslita, N., Zanzibar, & Lilia, D. (2023). Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian DBD. Media Informasi, 19(2), 41–48. https://doi.org/10.37160/mijournal.v19i2.297
Zhang, Y., Zahreddine, M., Abreu, K., Dantas, M. A., Charland, K., Pierce, L., Ridde, V., & Zinszer, K. (2023). Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) and risk factors on dengue fever among children in Brazil, Fortaleza: A cross-sectional study. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 17(9). https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PNTD.0011110
Published
2026-08-16
How to Cite
Fahdhienie, F., & Hamisah, I. (2026). Faktor Risiko Sosial, Perilaku, dan Lingkungan yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue: Studi Kasus-Kontrol di Banda Aceh, Indonesia. urnal romotif reventif, 9(4), 574-585. https://doi.org/10.47650/jpp.v9i4.2298
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Articles
Copyright (c) 2026 Farrah Fahdhienie, Irma Hamisah
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