Health Belief Model (HBM) dalam Perilaku Berisiko Praktik Hygiene Makanan dikalangan Mahasiswa Universitas Karya Persada Muna
Keywords:
Health Belief Models, hygiene makanan, perilaku beresiko, mahasiswa
Abstract
Di Indonesia, lebih dari 45% mahasiswa masih sering mengonsumsi makanan dengan kebersihan yang diragukan, sehingga meningkatkan risiko penyakit yang ditularkan melalui makanan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peran Health Belief Model (HBM) dalam menganalisis perilaku berisiko higiene makanan pada mahasiswa serta faktor penentu utama dalam membentuk praktik perilaku tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, desain studi kasus. Hasil, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa mahasiswa sadar akan risiko kesehatan tetapi perilaku tetap tidak sejalan dengan kesadaran. Dan hambatan utama dalam implementasi praktik higienis yaitu pada faktor eksternal. Kesimpulan penelitian ini, walaupun mahasiwa memiliki kesadaran risiko dan mafaat terkait higienitas makanan. Tapi praktik perilaku berisko tetap tinggi karena adanya hambatan berupa faktor eksternal.
References
Abdul-Mutalib, N. A., Abdul-Rashid, M. F., Mustafa, S., Amin-Nordin, S., Hamat, R. A., & Osman, M. (2023). Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding food hygiene and sanitation of food handlers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Food Control, 152, 110020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.110020
Al-Amer, R., Maneze, D., Everett, B., Montayre, J., Villarosa, A. R., Dwekat, E., & Salamonson, Y. (2022). COVID-19 vaccination intention in the first year of the pandemic: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 31(1–2), 62–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15951
Aulia, N., Budiningsari, D., & Lestari, L. A. (2024). Food handlers’ knowledge and practices and the relationship with appropriate sanitation hygiene scores in Malang City. Jurnal Gizi Indonesia, 13(1), 52–62. https://doi.org/10.14710/jgi.13.1.52-62
Bastami, F., Motlagh, S. N., Rahimzadeh, S. F., Almasian, M., Zareban, I., & Ebrahimzadeh, F. (2023). Predicting preventive behaviors against COVID-19: A structural equation modeling approach from Iran. WHO South-East Asia Journal of Public Health, 11(2), 79–86. https://doi.org/10.4103/WHO-SEAJPH.WHO-SEAJPH_56_22
Bono, S. A., Faria de Moura Villela, E., Siau, C. S., Chen, W. S., Pengpid, S., Hasan, M. T., … De Moura, E. G. (2024). Psychosocial barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccination uptake: A multi-country cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 24, 1217. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-12170-3
Champion, V. L., & Skinner, C. S. (2008). The health belief model. In K. Glanz, B. K. Rimer, & K. Viswanath (Eds.), Health behavior and health education: Theory, research, and practice (4th ed., pp. 45–65). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications
Djide, M. N., & Pebriani, D. R. (2021). Pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat mahasiswa pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Mulawarman, 3(2), 89–97. https://doi.org/10.30872/jkmm.v3i2.446
Devi, C. P., & Pontang, G. S. (2023). Pola Konsumsi dan Motivasi Mahasiswa Program Studi S1 Gizi Universitas Ngudi Waluyo dalam Memilih Street Food sebagai Menu Makan Utama. Science Technology and Management Journal, 5(2), 407. https://doi.org/10.53416/stmj.v5i2.407
Fitriani, D., Hidayat, R., & Suryani, L. (2021). Hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan perilaku konsumsi makanan mahasiswa. Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan, 16(2), 115–124. https://doi.org/xxxx
Fitriani, R., Rahmiwati, A., Sitorus, R. J., Windusari, Y., Sari, N., & Fajar, N. A. (2023). Pengetahuan Food Safety di Kalangan Staf Pelayanan Gizi di Rumah Sakit: Literature Review. Health Information: Jurnal Penelitian, 15(2), e1238. Retrieved from https://myjurnal.poltekkes-kdi.ac.id/index.php/hijp/article/view/1238
Haque, M. A., Rahman, M. M., & Sultana, S. (2023). Food safety knowledge, attitude, and practices among university students in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1182395. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1182395
Jadgal, M. S., Karimi, M., Alizadeh-Siuki, H., Kord Salarzehi, F., & Zareipour, M. (2024). Determinants of preventive behavior against COVID-19 in secondary school students based on Health Belief Model (HBM): A structural equations modeling (SEM). Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 43(96). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-024-00589-1
Kulpiisova, A., Dikhanbayeva, F., Tegza, A., Tegza, I., Abzhanova, S., Moldakhmetova, Z., Uazhanova, R., Alikhanov, K., Yerzhigitov, Y., Shambulova, G., Baikadamova, G., Admanova, G., Azimova, S., & Issimov, A. (2025). Assessment of food safety awareness and hygiene practices among food handlers in Almaty, Kazakhstan. BMC Public Health, 25, 2871. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-24124-x
Limbu, Y. B., Gautam, R. K., & Pham, L. (2022). The Health Belief Model applied to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A systematic review. Vaccines, 10(6), 973. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10060973
Lim, J. M., Kim, M. J., & Lee, H. S. (2023). Peer influence and social norms on sustainable food consumption among university students: The mediating role of attitude and perceived behavioral control. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 2998. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042998
Ma, X., Zhang, L., & Liu, Y. (2024). Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward foodborne diseases among Chinese college students. BMC Public Health, 24(1186). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-1186-7
Maulina, A., Sari, R. P., & Fitriani, H. (2022). Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan gizi dengan status gizi pada mahasiswa. Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan, 17(3), 145–153. https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2022.17.3.145-153
Ma, X., Zhang, L., & Liu, Y. (2024). Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward foodborne diseases among Chinese college students. BMC Public Health, 24(1186). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-1186-7
Ridaura, C., Martínez, D., & Muñoz, M. J. (2023). Fast food consumption and food hygiene awareness among young adults: The role of lifestyle and risk perception. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(9), 5421. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20095421
Riebl, S. K., Estabrooks, P. A., Dunsmore, J. C., Savla, J., Frisard, M. I., Dietrich, A. M., & Davy, B. M. (2022). A systematic review of peer influence and social norms on dietary behaviors among young adults. Appetite, 172, 105993. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2022.105993
Rosenstock, I. M. (1974). Historical origins of the health belief model. Health Education Monographs, 2(4), 328–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019817400200403
Rustiawan, A., Santri, I. N., & Phiri, Y. A. (2023). Health Belief Model application on food safety behavior of Bantul beach tourism culinary food handlers. Epidemiology and Society Health Review, 2(1), 12–21. https://doi.org/xxxx
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode penelitian kualitatif, kuantitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tesfaye, A., Haile, B., & Dejene, S. (2023). Assessment of food hygiene practices and associated factors among food handlers in higher education institutions. PLOS ONE, 18(3), e0282824. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282824
Wang, M., Huang, L., Pan, C., & Bai, L. (2021). Adopt proper food-handling intention: An application of the Health Belief Model. Food Control, 125, 108169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108169
World Health Organization. (2022). Food safety: Key facts. WHO. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/food-safety
Yirsaw, A. N., Tefera, M., Bogale, E. K., Anagaw, T. F., Tiruneh, M. G., Fenta, E. T., ... & Lakew, G. (2024). Applying the Health Belief Model to cervical cancer screening uptake among women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer, 24(1294). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-024-13055-2
Zamaniahari, S., Zareipour, M., Mohammad Rezaei, Z., Jadgal, M. S., Rostampor, F., & Gasem Soltani, R. (2023). Evaluating Determinants of Food Hygiene Behavior Based on Health Belief Model in Health Workers of Urmia Health Center. Journal of Nutrition and Food Security, 8(4), 597-605. https://doi.org/10.18502/jnfs.v8i4.14009
Zewdie, A., Nigusie, A., & Wolde, M. (2024). Structural equation modeling analysis of health belief model-based determinants of COVID-19 preventive behavior of academic staff: A cross-sectional study. BMC Infectious Diseases, 24(788). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09697-z
Al-Amer, R., Maneze, D., Everett, B., Montayre, J., Villarosa, A. R., Dwekat, E., & Salamonson, Y. (2022). COVID-19 vaccination intention in the first year of the pandemic: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 31(1–2), 62–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15951
Aulia, N., Budiningsari, D., & Lestari, L. A. (2024). Food handlers’ knowledge and practices and the relationship with appropriate sanitation hygiene scores in Malang City. Jurnal Gizi Indonesia, 13(1), 52–62. https://doi.org/10.14710/jgi.13.1.52-62
Bastami, F., Motlagh, S. N., Rahimzadeh, S. F., Almasian, M., Zareban, I., & Ebrahimzadeh, F. (2023). Predicting preventive behaviors against COVID-19: A structural equation modeling approach from Iran. WHO South-East Asia Journal of Public Health, 11(2), 79–86. https://doi.org/10.4103/WHO-SEAJPH.WHO-SEAJPH_56_22
Bono, S. A., Faria de Moura Villela, E., Siau, C. S., Chen, W. S., Pengpid, S., Hasan, M. T., … De Moura, E. G. (2024). Psychosocial barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccination uptake: A multi-country cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 24, 1217. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-12170-3
Champion, V. L., & Skinner, C. S. (2008). The health belief model. In K. Glanz, B. K. Rimer, & K. Viswanath (Eds.), Health behavior and health education: Theory, research, and practice (4th ed., pp. 45–65). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications
Djide, M. N., & Pebriani, D. R. (2021). Pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat mahasiswa pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Mulawarman, 3(2), 89–97. https://doi.org/10.30872/jkmm.v3i2.446
Devi, C. P., & Pontang, G. S. (2023). Pola Konsumsi dan Motivasi Mahasiswa Program Studi S1 Gizi Universitas Ngudi Waluyo dalam Memilih Street Food sebagai Menu Makan Utama. Science Technology and Management Journal, 5(2), 407. https://doi.org/10.53416/stmj.v5i2.407
Fitriani, D., Hidayat, R., & Suryani, L. (2021). Hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan perilaku konsumsi makanan mahasiswa. Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan, 16(2), 115–124. https://doi.org/xxxx
Fitriani, R., Rahmiwati, A., Sitorus, R. J., Windusari, Y., Sari, N., & Fajar, N. A. (2023). Pengetahuan Food Safety di Kalangan Staf Pelayanan Gizi di Rumah Sakit: Literature Review. Health Information: Jurnal Penelitian, 15(2), e1238. Retrieved from https://myjurnal.poltekkes-kdi.ac.id/index.php/hijp/article/view/1238
Haque, M. A., Rahman, M. M., & Sultana, S. (2023). Food safety knowledge, attitude, and practices among university students in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1182395. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1182395
Jadgal, M. S., Karimi, M., Alizadeh-Siuki, H., Kord Salarzehi, F., & Zareipour, M. (2024). Determinants of preventive behavior against COVID-19 in secondary school students based on Health Belief Model (HBM): A structural equations modeling (SEM). Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 43(96). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-024-00589-1
Kulpiisova, A., Dikhanbayeva, F., Tegza, A., Tegza, I., Abzhanova, S., Moldakhmetova, Z., Uazhanova, R., Alikhanov, K., Yerzhigitov, Y., Shambulova, G., Baikadamova, G., Admanova, G., Azimova, S., & Issimov, A. (2025). Assessment of food safety awareness and hygiene practices among food handlers in Almaty, Kazakhstan. BMC Public Health, 25, 2871. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-24124-x
Limbu, Y. B., Gautam, R. K., & Pham, L. (2022). The Health Belief Model applied to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A systematic review. Vaccines, 10(6), 973. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10060973
Lim, J. M., Kim, M. J., & Lee, H. S. (2023). Peer influence and social norms on sustainable food consumption among university students: The mediating role of attitude and perceived behavioral control. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 2998. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042998
Ma, X., Zhang, L., & Liu, Y. (2024). Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward foodborne diseases among Chinese college students. BMC Public Health, 24(1186). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-1186-7
Maulina, A., Sari, R. P., & Fitriani, H. (2022). Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan gizi dengan status gizi pada mahasiswa. Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan, 17(3), 145–153. https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2022.17.3.145-153
Ma, X., Zhang, L., & Liu, Y. (2024). Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward foodborne diseases among Chinese college students. BMC Public Health, 24(1186). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-1186-7
Ridaura, C., Martínez, D., & Muñoz, M. J. (2023). Fast food consumption and food hygiene awareness among young adults: The role of lifestyle and risk perception. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(9), 5421. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20095421
Riebl, S. K., Estabrooks, P. A., Dunsmore, J. C., Savla, J., Frisard, M. I., Dietrich, A. M., & Davy, B. M. (2022). A systematic review of peer influence and social norms on dietary behaviors among young adults. Appetite, 172, 105993. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2022.105993
Rosenstock, I. M. (1974). Historical origins of the health belief model. Health Education Monographs, 2(4), 328–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019817400200403
Rustiawan, A., Santri, I. N., & Phiri, Y. A. (2023). Health Belief Model application on food safety behavior of Bantul beach tourism culinary food handlers. Epidemiology and Society Health Review, 2(1), 12–21. https://doi.org/xxxx
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode penelitian kualitatif, kuantitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tesfaye, A., Haile, B., & Dejene, S. (2023). Assessment of food hygiene practices and associated factors among food handlers in higher education institutions. PLOS ONE, 18(3), e0282824. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282824
Wang, M., Huang, L., Pan, C., & Bai, L. (2021). Adopt proper food-handling intention: An application of the Health Belief Model. Food Control, 125, 108169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108169
World Health Organization. (2022). Food safety: Key facts. WHO. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/food-safety
Yirsaw, A. N., Tefera, M., Bogale, E. K., Anagaw, T. F., Tiruneh, M. G., Fenta, E. T., ... & Lakew, G. (2024). Applying the Health Belief Model to cervical cancer screening uptake among women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer, 24(1294). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-024-13055-2
Zamaniahari, S., Zareipour, M., Mohammad Rezaei, Z., Jadgal, M. S., Rostampor, F., & Gasem Soltani, R. (2023). Evaluating Determinants of Food Hygiene Behavior Based on Health Belief Model in Health Workers of Urmia Health Center. Journal of Nutrition and Food Security, 8(4), 597-605. https://doi.org/10.18502/jnfs.v8i4.14009
Zewdie, A., Nigusie, A., & Wolde, M. (2024). Structural equation modeling analysis of health belief model-based determinants of COVID-19 preventive behavior of academic staff: A cross-sectional study. BMC Infectious Diseases, 24(788). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09697-z
Published
2025-12-16
How to Cite
Rahim, F., Juliana, N., Liambana, E., Lisna, L., Naningsi, A., Saing, F., Yazlim, N., & Ahmad, I. (2025). Health Belief Model (HBM) dalam Perilaku Berisiko Praktik Hygiene Makanan dikalangan Mahasiswa Universitas Karya Persada Muna. urnal romotif reventif, 8(6), 1633-1642. https://doi.org/10.47650/jpp.v8i6.2352
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2025 Firnasrudin Rahim, Nur Juliana, Endang Sri Mulyawati Liambana, Lisna Lisna, Ayu Naningsi, Fatmawati M Saing, Nur Yazlim, Iqbal Ahmad
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
1.png)
