Hubungan antara Paparan Pestisida Organofosfat dengan Gejala Neurotoksik pada Petani Padi: Studi Cross-Sectional di Desa Tanjung Pasir, Indonesia
Keywords:
Pestisida Organofosfat, Petani, Gangguan Neurotoksik, Paparan Kerja, Studi Cross-Sectional
Abstract
Pestisida di sektor pertanian memiliki peran penting untuk mendorong peningkatan hasil produksi, tetapi paparan secara terus-menerus, terutama pestisida organofosfat, dapat meningkatkan risiko gangguan neurotoksik pada petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara paparan pestisida organofosfat beracun dan gejala gangguan neurologis toksik pada petani di Desa Tanjung Pasir, Kabupaten Langkat, Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional terhadap 100 responden yang dipilih secara purposive. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner karakteristik responden, variabel pajanan pestisida, dan kuesioner Q18 Jerman, kemudian dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% (α = 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara masa kerja (p = 0,001; PR =11,47; IK 95% = 1,67-78,70), frekuensi penyemprotan (p = 0,001; PR = 2,63; IK 95% = 1,42-4,84), cara penyemprotan (p = 0,006; PR = 1,60; IK 95% = 1,15-2,24), dan penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD) (p = 0,001; PR = 6,83; IK 95% = 2,71-17,22) dengan gejala gangguan neurotoksik pada petani. Disimpulkan bahwa pajanan pestisida berhubungan signifikan dengan gangguan neurotoksik, sehingga diperlukan praktik penyemprotan yang aman, penggunaan APD sesuai standar, serta peningkatan edukasi untuk meminimalisir risiko gangguan kesehatan pada petani.
References
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Ardiansyah, R.M., Setiani, O. and Suhartono, S. (2023) “Literatur Review: Hubungan Penggunaan Pestisida dengan Kejadian Gangguan Neurologis pada Petani,” Jurnal Serambi Engineering, 8(4), pp. 7400–7405. Available at: https://doi.org/10.32672/jse.v8i4.6887.
Ardiansyah, R.M., Setiani, O. and Suhartono, S. (2024) “Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Gangguan Neurologis Pada Petani (Studi Pada Petani Di Desa Bumen Kecamatan Sumowono Kabupaten Semarang),” Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia, 23(3), pp. 257–266. Available at: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.23.3.257-266.
Arifah, A.S. and Wijayanti, Y. (2023) “Pajanan Pestisida dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Petani,” HIGEIA (Journal of Public Health Research and Development), 7(1), pp. 32–43. Available at: https://doi.org/10.15294/higeia.v7i1.60035.
Aroniadou-Anderjaska, V. et al. (2023) “Mechanisms of Organophosphate Toxicity and the Role of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition,” Toxics, 11(10), p. 866. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/TOXICS11100866.
Atinkut Asmare, B., Freyer, B. and Bingen, J. (2022) “Women in agriculture: pathways of pesticide exposure, potential health risks and vulnerability in sub-Saharan Africa,” Environmental Sciences Europe 2022 34:1, 34(1), pp. 89-. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/S12302-022-00638-8.
Badan Pusat Statistik (2024) Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Langkat BPS-Statistics of Langkat Regency Pangkalan Susu Dalam Angka 2024. Available at: langkatkab.bps.go.id/publication/2024/09/06/78cf1aacfa8717d2cecfd4b7/kecamatan-pangkalan-susu-dalam-angka-2024.html (Accessed: May 3, 2026).
Chen, Y. et al. (2024) “Mechanisms of Neurotoxicity of Organophosphate Pesticides and Their Relation to Neurological Disorders,” Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 20, pp. 2237–2254. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S479757.
Hamka et al. (2021) “Analyzing the use of pesticides on health complaints of farmers in Waihatu Village, Indonesia,” Gaceta Sanitaria, 35, pp. S23–S26. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.12.007.
Jannah, I.M. (2024) “Relationship Between Pesticide Exposure and Neurobehavioral Disorders in Farmers,” The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 13(1), pp. 124–129. Available at: https://doi.org/10.20473/IJOSH.V13I1.2024.124-129.
Kurniawan Irfan et al. (2025) “Studi Risiko Pajanan Insektisida Melalui Kulit pada Aktivitas Penyemprotan oleh Petani Padi,” IJPHN, 5(1), pp. 41–50. Available at: https://doi.org/10.15294/ijphn.v5i1.29208.
Lari, S. et al. (2022) “Assessment of dermal exposure to pesticides among farmers using dosimeter and handwashing methods,” Frontiers in Public Health, 10, p. 957774. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/FPUBH.2022.957774/TEXT.
Liem, J.F. et al. (2024) “Pesticide Exposure, Neurobehavioral Symptoms, and Neurobehavioral Performance in Pesticide Applicator in West Java, Indonesia,” Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 20(1), pp. 38–46. Available at: https://doi.org/10.15294/kemas.v20i1.44599.
Lorke, D.E. and Oz, M. (2025) “A review on oxidative stress in organophosphate-induced neurotoxicity,” International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 180. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2025.106735.
Muslima, L., Warzukni, S. and Hudnah, H. (2023) “Hubungan penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD) dengan kejadian keracunan pestisida golongan organofosfat secara fisik pada petani di desa batin baru Kecamatan Bandar Kabupaten Bener Meriah,” Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences, 5(2), pp. 488–492. Available at: https://doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com.v5i2.168.
Mustakim, M. and Kas, S.R. (2022) “Faktor Yang Berhubungan dengan Efek Neurobehavioral Akibat Paparan Pestisida pada Petani Sayuran di Kabupaten Enrekang,” Jurnal Kesehatan Ilmiah Indonesia (Indonesian Health Scientific Journal), 7(2), pp. 167–172. Available at: https://doi.org/10.51933/health.v7i2.916.
Nasrulah, N. et al. (2025) “Behavior of Rice Farmers in the Use of Personal Protective Equipment During Compounding and Spraying Pesticides in Meunasah Tuha Village, Sukamakmur District, Aceh Besar Regency in 2024,” ASJo: Aceh Sanitation Journal, 3(1), pp. 1–6. Available at: https://doi.org/10.30867/ASJO.V3I1.869.
Nur Halisa, S., Trirahayu Ningrum, P. and Dewi Moelyaningrum, A. (2022) “Analisis Pajanan Organofosfat Terhadap Kadar Kolinesterase Pada Petani Sayuran Kubis di Desa Tanjung Rejo Kabupaten Jember,” Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia, 21(2), pp. 144–151. Available at: https://doi.org/10.14710/JKLI.21.2.144-151.
Panggabean, A.S. et al. (2023) “Neuropathy caused by pesticide exposure on farmers in Ngablak District, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia: An electroneuromyography study,” Toxicology Reports, 11, pp. 330–338. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.09.020.
Pawestri, I.N. and Sulistyaningsih, E. (2021) “Neurobehavioral performance of Indonesian farmers and its association with pesticide exposure: A cross-sectional study,” Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 11, p. 100754. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CEGH.2021.100754.
Pratama, D.A., Setiani, O. and Darundiati, Y.H. (2021) “Studi Literatur: Pengaruh Paparan Pestisida Terhadap Gangguan Kesehatan Petani,” Jurnal Riset Kesehatan Poltekkes Depkes Bandung, 13(1), pp. 160–171. Available at: https://doi.org/10.34011/juriskesbdg.v13i1.1840.
Sandra Yopi Riski Mei, Lusno Muhammad Farid Dimjati and Azizah R (2025) “Meta-Analisis Pengetahuan, Frekuensi Penyemprotan dan Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri Sebagai Faktor Risiko Keracunan Pestisida,” Jurnal Promotif Preventif, 8(6), pp. 1759–1770. Available at: https://doi.org/10.47650/JPP.V8I6.2037.
Siregar, D.M.S. and Nurfadilah, N. (2022) “Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Gejala Neurotoksik Akibat PAparan Pestisida Pada Petani Sayuran Desa Sugiharjo, Kecamatan Batang Kuis, Kabupaten Deli Serdang,” JURNAL MEDIA KESEHATAN, 15(1), pp. 76–87. Available at: https://doi.org/10.33088/jmk.v15i1.723.
Suwimantara, I.M.G., Sucipta, I.N. and Tika, I.W. (2021) “Hubungan antara Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) dengan Keluhan Petani akibat Pestisida (Studi Kasus di Subak Sri Gumana,Desa Rejasa,Kabupaten Tabanan),” Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian), 10(1), pp. 186–190. Available at: https://doi.org/10.24843/JBETA.2022.V10.I01.P19.
Tiwari, Sujan et al. (2022) “Association between pesticide exposure and neurobehavioral performance of agricultural workers: A cross-sectional study,” Brain and Behavior, 12(7), p. e2641. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1002/BRB3.2641;ISSUE:ISSUE:DOI.
Tsai, Y.H. and Lein, P.J. (2021) “Mechanisms of organophosphate neurotoxicity,” Current Opinion in Toxicology, 26, pp. 49–60. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.COTOX.2021.04.002.
Published
2026-08-17
How to Cite
Syakira, S., Arrazy, S., Mesiono, M., & Arika, R. (2026). Hubungan antara Paparan Pestisida Organofosfat dengan Gejala Neurotoksik pada Petani Padi: Studi Cross-Sectional di Desa Tanjung Pasir, Indonesia. urnal romotif reventif, 9(4), 621-631. https://doi.org/10.47650/jpp.v9i4.2802
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2026 Salsabila Syakira, Syafran Arrazy, Mesiono Mesiono, Romiza Arika
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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