Faktor Risiko Kejadian Kardiomiopati Peripartum di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang: Studi Kasus-Kontrol

Sania Lailatu Rahmi; Lisma Evareny; Rosa Mesalina

doi:10.47650/jpp.v9i5.2967

Sania Lailatu Rahmi Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Padang, Kota Padang, Indonesia
Lisma Evareny Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Padang, Kota Padang, Indonesia
Rosa Mesalina Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Padang, Kota Padang, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47650/jpp.v9i5.2967

Keywords: kardiomiopati peripartum, preeklamsia, eklamsia, faktor risiko, studi kasus-kontrol

Abstract

Kardiomiopati peripartum (peripartum cardiomyopathy/PPCM) merupakan bentuk kardiomiopati yang terjadi pada akhir kehamilan atau periode pascapersalinan dan dapat menyebabkan komplikasi kardiovaskular serius. Identifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kondisi ini penting untuk mendukung deteksi dini dan meningkatkan kewaspadaan klinis. Penelitian ini brtujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian PPCM pada ibu di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Penelitian kuantitatif analitik observasional dengan desain kasus-kontrol retrospektif ini melibatkan 80 subjek, terdiri atas 40 kasus PPCM dan 40 kontrol. Data rekam medis dianalisis menggunakan regresi logistik univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil penelitian menemukan preeklamsia/eklamsia berhubungan dengan PPCM (aOR = 4,44; 95% CI: 1,67–11,81; p = 0,003). Usia maternal di atas 30 tahun tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna dengan PPCM (p = 0,609), sedangkan paritas juga tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik (p = 0,082). Model memiliki nilai AUC sebesar 0,737, yang menunjukkan kemampuan diskriminasi sedang. Preeklamsia/eklamsia merupakan faktor yang paling konsisten berhubungan dengan PPCM. Temuan ini perlu ditafsirkan secara hati-hati dengan mempertimbangkan desain retrospektif dan jumlah sampel yang terbatas. Validasi lebih lanjut pada populasi lain diperlukan sebelum model dapat diterapkan dalam praktik klinis.

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