Formulasi Face Mist Ekstrak Limbah Kulit Nanas dan Niacinamide: Evaluasi Fisik, Aktivitas Antioksidan, dan Iritasi Kulit
Keywords:
kulit nanas, niacinamide, face mist, aktivitas antioksidan, iritasi kulit
Abstract
Penelitian ini mengevaluasi karakteristik fisik, aktivitas antioksidan in vitro, dan tolerabilitas kulit awal sediaan face mist yang mengandung ekstrak kulit nanas dan niacinamide. Kulit nanas dimaserasi menggunakan etanol 70%. Tiga formula mengandung ekstrak 1% (F1), 2% (F2), atau 3% (F3) dengan niacinamide 5%; formula tanpa ekstrak digunakan sebagai kontrol (F0). Evaluasi meliputi organoleptik, homogenitas visual, pH, aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH, serta iritasi kulit pada 20 panelis. Seluruh formula berbentuk cair dan homogen secara visual. Rerata pH F1, F2, dan F3 berturut-turut adalah 5,121; 5,102; dan 5,030. Nilai IC₅₀ yang dilaporkan adalah 246,21 ppm (F1), 182,30 ppm (F2), dan 166,33 ppm (F3); angka ini bersifat provisional karena basis konsentrasi dan analisis DPPH masih memerlukan verifikasi. Tidak ditemukan eritema maupun edema pada kondisi pengujian. F3 memiliki nilai IC₅₀ terendah di antara formula yang mengandung ekstrak. Temuan awal ini mendukung pengembangan formulasi lebih lanjut, tetapi belum membuktikan sinergi ataupun keamanan jangka panjang.
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Sumaiyah and Gulo, J.T.K. (2024) ‘Formulasi dan uji aktivitas anti-aging sediaan hand cream ekstrak etanol kulit buah nanas (Ananas comosus L.)’, Majalah Farmasetika, 9(1).
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Barel, A.O., Paye, M. and Maibach, H.I. (2014) Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology. 4th edn. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Baumann, L. (2015) Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. 3rd edn. New York: McGraw-Hill Education.
Bissett, D.L., Oblong, J.E. and Berge, C.A. (2005) ‘Niacinamide: A B vitamin that improves aging facial skin appearance’, Dermatologic Surgery, 31(7 Pt 2), pp. 860–865. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2005.31732.
Blois, M.S. (1958) ‘Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical’, Nature, 181, pp. 1199–1200. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/1811199a0.
Bom, S. et al. (2022) ‘Sustainability in cosmetics industry’, Molecules, 27(13), pp. 1–22.
Campos, D.A., Ribeiro, T.B., Teixeira, J.A., Pastrana, L. and Pintado, M.M. (2020) ‘Integral valorization of pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) by-products through a green chemistry approach towards added value ingredients’, Foods, 9(1), article 60. doi: 10.3390/foods9010060.
Draelos, Z.D. (2020) Cosmetic Dermatology: Products and Procedures. 3rd edn. Wiley-Blackwell.
Dreno, B. et al. (2021) ‘The current state of skin-care products’, Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 35(5), pp. 987–998.
Gehring, W. (2021) ‘Nicotinic acid/niacinamide and the skin’, Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 20(1), pp. 15–20.
Ghozali, I. (2018) Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 25. 9th edn. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Gupta, P., Sharma, S. and Kumar, N. (2022) ‘Green cosmetics: Sustainable approaches in cosmetic product development’, Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 21(8), pp. 3375–3387.
Gupta, R. et al. (2022) ‘Development of facial mist cosmetic preparation’, Asian Journal of Cosmetic Science, 7(1), pp. 12–19.
Hakozaki, T. et al. (2026) ‘Niacinamide efficacy in skin therapy: The multitasking marvel for glowing skin – A comprehensive literature review’, Cosmoderma, 4(1), pp. 20–31.
Hossain, M.A. and Rahman, S.M.M. (2011) ‘Total phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant activity of tropical fruit pineapple (Ananas comosus) peel’, Food Research International, 44(3), pp. 672–676. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2010.11.036.
Hossain, M.F., Akhtar, S. and Anwar, M. (2020) ‘Nutritional value and medicinal benefits of pineapple’, International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 9(2), pp. 84–88.
Huynh, T.M.D., Nguyen, T.H. and Le, T.T. (2024) ‘Formulation and evaluation of antioxidant activity of lotion containing pineapple peel extract’, Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 14(3), pp. 120–128.
Kedare, S.B. and Singh, D.P. (2011) ‘Genesis and development of DPPH method of antioxidant assay’, Journal of Food Science and Technology, 48(4), pp. 412–422.
Ketnawa, S., Chaiwut, P. and Rawdkuen, S. (2021) ‘Pineapple wastes: A potential source for bromelain extraction’, Food and Bioproducts Processing, 128, pp. 199–210.
Li, T., Shen, P., Liu, W., Liu, C., Liang, R., Yan, N. and Chen, J. (2014) ‘Major polyphenolics in pineapple peels and their antioxidant interactions’, International Journal of Food Properties, 17(8), pp. 1805–1817. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2012.732168.
Lourenço, S.C., Campos, D.A., Gómez-García, R., Pintado, M., Corrêa-Filho, L.C., Moldão-Martins, M. and Alves, V.D. (2021) ‘Optimization of natural antioxidants extraction from pineapple peel and their stabilization by spray drying’, Foods, 10(6), article 1255. doi: 10.3390/foods10061255.
Molyneux, P. (2004) ‘The use of the stable free radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for estimating antioxidant activity’, Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 26(2), pp. 211–219.
Mulyani, S., Fitriana, N. and Rahmawati, A. (2023) ‘Analysis of vitamin C and antioxidant activity in natural formulations’, Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 10(2), pp. 34–42.
Nascimento, L.M. et al. (2021) ‘Peel of pineapple (Ananas comosus) as a potential source of antioxidants and photoprotective agents for cosmetic applications’, Industrial Crops and Products, 170, article 113790.
Nisbet, S. J. (2019). Absence of human skin irritation and allergenic potential after repeated patch applications of a lamellar moisturizer. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 18(1), 377–382. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.12535.
Pullar, J.M., Carr, A.C. and Vissers, M.C.M. (2017) ‘The roles of vitamin C in skin health’, Nutrients, 9(8), article 866. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9080866.
Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian (2024) Outlook Komoditas Hortikultura Nenas 2024. Jakarta: Sekretariat Jenderal, Kementerian Pertanian.
Putri, N.A. et al. (2022) ‘Antioxidant activity of pineapple peel extract in cosmetic formulation’, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 14(3), pp. 145–151.
Rahmatullah, S., Permadi, Y.W. and Utami, D.S. (2019) ‘Formulasi dan uji aktivitas antioksidan sediaan hand and body lotion ekstrak kulit nanas (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) dengan metode DPPH’, Jurnal Farmasi UIN Alauddin Makassar, 7(1).
Rowe, R.C., Sheskey, P.J. and Quinn, M.E. (eds.) (2020) Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. 8th edn. London: Pharmaceutical Press.
Sari, R.P. et al. (2021) ‘Formulation of pineapple peel extract gel mask’, Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 19(2), pp. 90–98.
Sumaiyah and Gulo, J.T.K. (2024) ‘Formulasi dan uji aktivitas anti-aging sediaan hand cream ekstrak etanol kulit buah nanas (Ananas comosus L.)’, Majalah Farmasetika, 9(1).
Tran, T.M.N., Nguyen, T.T. and Le, V.V.M. (2023) ‘Solid-state fermented pineapple peel: A novel food ingredient with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties’, Foods, 12(22), article 4162. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12224162.
Published
2026-10-31
How to Cite
Rahayu, Y., Sarni, S., Damayanti, R., & Tiyana, E. (2026). Formulasi Face Mist Ekstrak Limbah Kulit Nanas dan Niacinamide: Evaluasi Fisik, Aktivitas Antioksidan, dan Iritasi Kulit. urnal romotif reventif, 9(5), 955-967. https://doi.org/10.47650/jpp.v9i5.3010
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2026 Yayuk Sri Rahayu, Sarni Sarni, Restu Harisma Damayanti, Elma Tiyana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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