Iodine in Nigeria: A Review of Concepts; Prevalence, and Effect on Brain Cognitive Potential
Keywords:
Iodine, goitrogens, calcium, brain, children
Abstract
The issue of iodine deficiency is a historic threat that affects all regions of the world. Iodine is a critical element belonging to the halogens that is used to make vital hormones (thyroid hormones) for the proper functioning of the human or mammalian body. Iodine is obtained from the diet of either plant or animal origin or water. Iodine for plants uptake is obtained from soil, which is affected by the nature of the environment such as climate, locations, topography, iodine fixation potential, proximity to sea and relations. The failure of the proper iodine cycling spurs a poor intake by humans. Poor dietary intake of iodine occurs at different levels, but the entire complex dealing with poor iodine intake is termed as iodine deficiencies, such as goiter, cretinism, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism. Effects resulting from iodine deficiency are many and enormous. The iodine deficiency among other things affect the brain (nervous system functioning) probably because it affects the whole body metabolism when thyroid hormones are insufficient, and neurotransmitters and oxidative stress regulations are limited. It is important to deliberately educate the public, fortify foods properly, give iodine supplements, monitor iodine deficiencies, and utilize diverse foods; because IDD cause mental retardation among other things.
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Habib, M.A., Alam, M.R., Ghosh, S., Rahman T., Reza, S., & Mamun, S. (2021). Impact of knowledge, attitude and practice on iodized salt consumption at the household level in selected coastal regions of Bangladesh. Heliyon, 7(e06747), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e006747.
Haritha, Y.D. (2022). Micronutrients and it's benefits to human body. Just Agriculture Multidisciplinary e-Newsletter,3(4),1-2.
Hatch-McChesney, A.; Lieberman, H.R. (2022). Iodine and Iodine Deficiency: A Comprehensive Review of a Re-Emerging Issue. Nutrients, 14, 3474. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14173474
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Jennifer, A. (2020). Micronutrients and vitamin deficiencies. African Journal of Food Science and Technology,11(5),1-2.
Jenzer, H & Sadeghi, (2017). Iodine: Biochemistry, deficiency and application in clinical nutrition. The Canadian Journal of Clinical Nutritional Sciences,5(1):1-9.
John, O.C., Otoide, O.A., & Omoruyi S.A. Assessing the trend of iodine deficiency among antenatal patients of the university of Port harcourt teaching hospital. International Journal of Science and Research Archive.2022, 7(1),123-129.
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Leny, L., Yusi, D.N., Surgati, K., Diah, Y. (2020). Iodine deficiency associated with adolescent cognitive performance in endemic iodine deficiency endemic area. The 7th international Conference on Public Health Solo Indonesia, November, 18-19-2020.
Lu, Y., Wang, H., Ziiu, L., Wang, G., Wu, I., Kuang, L., and Ziiu, W. (2005). Iodine concentration in salt, water, and soil along the coast of Zhejiang, China. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 6(12):1200-12005.
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Moyib, O.K. (2018). Iodine content of branded iodized Nigerian table salt: ten years after USI Certification. Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research, 23(1),10-20.
Muleta, F., & Kibatu, G. (2016). Analysis of iodine deficiency disorders and iodized salt consumption levels among school children in Amuma and Minjo Districts in Beneshangul Gumuz, Ethiopia. Advances in Life Science and Technology, 50, 1-9.
Naeem, A., Aslam, M., Ahmad, M., Asif, M., Yazici, M.A., Cakmak, I., & Rashid, A. (2021). Biofortification of diverse Basmati Rice cultivars with iodine, selenium, and zinc by individual and cocktail spray of micronutrients. Agronomy, 12(490, 1-16.https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12010049.
Nwamerah, J.U., Otitoju, O., Otitoju, G.T.O. & Emewulu, C.J.U. (2015). Iodine and antinutritional status of primary school children in a Nigerian community Okpuje in Nsukka LGA, Enugu state, Nigeria. Der Pharmacia Lettre, 7(7),271-280.
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Published
2025-01-24
How to Cite
Imam, A., & Sarkingobir, Y. (2025). Iodine in Nigeria: A Review of Concepts; Prevalence, and Effect on Brain Cognitive Potential. ancasakti ournal f ublic ealth cience nd esearch, 5(1), 54-67. https://doi.org/10.47650/pjphsr.v5i1.1312
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