Determinan Lingkungan dan Perilaku Leptospirosis: Studi Cross-sectional di Provinsi Gorontalo, Indonesia
Keywords:
Leptospirosis, Keberadaan Tikus, Kondisi Rumah
Abstract
Leptospirosis merupakan zoonosis penting yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Provinsi Gorontalo. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh faktor perilaku dan lingkungan, termasuk personal hygiene, kebiasaan menutup makanan, keberadaan tikus, kondisi fisik rumah, keberadaan selokan, genangan air, dan vegetasi rumah terhadap kejadian leptospirosis, serta mengidentifikasi faktor yang paling berkontribusi. Desain penelitian menggunakan survei analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang terhadap 61 kasus leptospirosis melalui teknik total sampling. Analisis univariat digunakan untuk menggambarkan karakteristik variabel, sedangkan analisis bivariat dengan uji Chi-square dan analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik dilakukan untuk menentukan faktor dominan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa personal hygiene, kebiasaan menutup makanan, kondisi fisik rumah, kondisi selokan, vegetasi rumah, dan genangan air berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian leptospirosis (p < 0,05). Analisis multivariat mengidentifikasi keberadaan tikus (p = 0,029; OR = 3,441; 95% CI: 1,131–10,467) dan kondisi fisik rumah (p = 0,019; OR = 3,555; 95% CI: 1,120–10,273) sebagai faktor paling berpengaruh. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya intervensi perilaku serta perbaikan kondisi fisik lingkungan rumah sebagai strategi utama dalam pencegahan leptospirosis.
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Ahmadi, H, Chusna, D, & Syafriadi, M. (2023). Determinan Aspek Lingkungan Yang Berisiko Terjadinya Penularan Bakteri Leptospira sp Dari Tikus Terkonfirmasi di Kabupaten Bondowoso. Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia, 22(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.22.1.1-12
Angkasa, M. P., Hartono, M., & Anonim, T. (2022). Pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui peningkatan pengetahuan dalam pencegahan Leptospirosis di Kel. Panjang Baru, Kec. Pekalongan Utara, Kota Pekalongan. Jurnal Lintas Pengabdian Masyarakat, 2(2).
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Hidayati, E., Pranowo, R. D., & Suwito, W. (2022). Household hygiene behavior and contamination risk of food and water by rodent urine in Indonesia. Journal of Public Health Research, 11(4), 742–751
Kementrian Kesehatan RI. (2017). Petunjuk Teknik Pengendalian Leptospirosis. 126. http://infeksiemerging.kemkes.go.id/download/Buku_Petunjuk_Teknis_Pengendalian_Leptospirosis.pdf
Kemenkes RI. (2021). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2020. In Kemenkes.go.id (Vol. 48, Issue 1)
Kemenkes RI. (2022). Buku Saku Pengendalian Leptospirosis. Jakarta
Lumenta, S., Rumampuk, M., & Walalangi, J. (2023). Food storage behavior and zoonotic disease prevention among households in North Sulawesi. Indonesian Journal of Environmental Health, 22(1), 55–63
Manyullei, Syamsuar. (2024). Kerentanan Daerah Rawab Banjir Terhadap Leptospirosis. Sagusatal Indonesia. Provinsi Sumatra Barat.
Moh, Projo, Angkasa, Mardi, Hartono, & Tri, Anonim. (2022). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Peningkatan Pengetahuan dalalm Pencegahan Leptospirosis di Kel. Panjang Baru, Kec. Pekalongan Utara Kota Pekalongan. Jurnal Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang
Munawaroh, S. M. (2022). Pengaruh Kondisi Selokan Terhadap Kejadian Leptospirosis. Jurnal Keperawatan, 14(1), 383–396.
Nath, S., Dutta, R., & Sharma, M. (2024). Rodent density, housing characteristics, and Leptospirosis risk: An ecological study in Assam, India. EcoHealth, 21(1), 27–38.
Nugraha, D. A., Suryani, N., & Yusuf, H. (2023). Dense vegetation and rodent population as determinants of Leptospirosis in peri-urban settlements. Journal of Vector Ecology, 48(2), 201–210
Putri, D. M., Ramadhani, R., & Setiawan, H. (2024). Post-flood Leptospirosis outbreak and associated environmental factors in Jakarta, Indonesia. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 9(1), 47
Putri, S. P., Widyaningsih, E., & Dewi, T. (2023). Effectiveness of community-based rodent control in reducing Leptospirosis incidence in endemic areas of Central Java. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 77(5), 254–261
Rahman, M. M., Haque, Z., & Omar, S. (2023). Environmental and behavioral determinants of Leptospirosis during flood events in Bangladesh. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 33(7), 864–875.
Rahman, N. A., Hassan, N., & Zainal, S. (2022). Rodent population density and its correlation with Leptospirosis cases in flood-affected Malaysia. Zoonoses and Public Health, 69(8), 815–823
Rahman, S., Singh, P., & Low, W. C. (2024). Hygienic practices and protective behavior against Leptospirosis among agricultural workers in Malaysia. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 55(2), 165–176.
Riani, D., Sulastri, E., & Wahyudi, M. (2023). Personal Hygiene behavior and the risk of Leptospirosis in Banyumas District, Indonesia. Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior, 8(4), 233–241
Sanchez, R. L., Oliveira, A. F., & Costa, M. P. (2022). Urban vegetation density and Leptospirosis incidence: A geospatial study in São Paulo, Brazil. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1349.
Sari, K. N., Handayani, A., & Nurhidayah, L. (2024). Physical housing conditions and household sanitation as predictors of Leptospirosis in West Java, Indonesia. Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 2024, 2210148
Suprapto, T., Nugroho, P., & Arifin, H. (2023). Seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in wild rats and its relation to human Leptospirosis cases in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. One Health Outlook, 5(1), 77–88.
Susilawaty A, Sitorus E, Sinaga J, Mahyati, Marzuki I, Marpaung DDR, Diniah BN, Widodo D, Sari NP, Mappau Z, Islam F, Sudasman FH, Syahrir M, Soputra D, Baharuddin SA, Ane RL. Pengendalian Penyakit Berbasis Lingkungan. Edisi 1. Watrianthos R, Simarmata J, editors. Vol. 15. Jakarta: Yayasan Kita Menulis; 2022. 288 p.
Syndi Munawaroh, Maki Zamzam, & Mas Adhi Hardian Utama. (2024). Analisis Spasial Sebaran Tikus Pembawa Leptospira Di Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak Dan Gresik. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (JKMI), 1(4), 117–122. https://doi.org/10.62017/jkmi.v1i4.1788
World Health Organization. (2023). Leptospirosis: Epidemiology, prevention, and control guidelines (4th ed.). Geneva: WHO Press
Yuniasih, D., Ihsana, N., Arinda Shalsabila, D., & Wijayanti Sukirto, N. (2022). Systematic Review: Epidemiology of Leptospirosis in Indonesia. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 10(5), 544–549. http://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkm
Published
2026-02-08
How to Cite
Bakari, F., Jusuf, H., & Karim, C. (2026). Determinan Lingkungan dan Perilaku Leptospirosis: Studi Cross-sectional di Provinsi Gorontalo, Indonesia. urnal romotif reventif, 9(1), 26-35. https://doi.org/10.47650/jpp.v9i1.2427
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2026 Farida Bakari, Herlina Jusuf, Cecy Rahma Karim
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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